热电冷联产与热电联产加电制冷能耗比较分析

将热电冷联产与热电联产加电制冷能耗比较分解成供热、供电、供冷三种煤耗差进行分析,建立了以热电联产加电制冷为基准的三种煤耗差数学模型,探讨了煤耗差随冷热负荷的变化情况,给出了目前一般情况下热电冷联产的节能条件、判据及措施。     

平行平板层流动力进口段问题的一种近似解法

本文用求解微分方程和积分方程相结合的方法求得了平行平板层流动力进口段在定常、不可压条件下的进口段长度、主流速度、排挤厚度、动量排挤厚度和壁面摩擦力等的理论解。     

Development of moment-rotation model equations for flush end-plate connections

This paper presents the development of Ramberg-Osgood and Three-Parameter Power model prediction equations for the moment-rotation (M-θ) behavior of flush end-plate connections with one row of bolts below tension and compression flanges. A finite element model (FEM) of the connection region along with the connected beam and column is developed for load deformation analyses, which included material, geometric, and contact nonlinearities. The FEM model was verified with test results conducted and reported for flush end-plate connections in the literature during the 1980s. A matrix of test cases was obtained by varying the geometric variables of flush end-plate connections within their practical ranges. The connection M-θ data for these test cases were obtained by FEM analyses, which were then curve fitted to Ramberg-Osgood and Three-Parameter Power model equations to obtain parameters defining these equations. Finally, prediction equations were developed for parameters of the model equations as functions of geometric variables of the flush end-plate connections.     

隔离病房隔离效果的研究(1)

从理论上分析总结了影响隔离效果的因素:压差、门的开关、人的进出、温差及缓冲室的设置。建立了实验用单床隔离病房和双床隔离病房,对三种送排风口方案及缓冲室的隔离效果进行了实验研究。指出压差不能抵消其他因素的影响;提出主流区和定向气流是保护医护人员的首要措施;证明床侧和床尾双送风口效果最好;提出用缓冲室稀释、自净、过滤在动态条件下外泄的污染物是最重要的动态隔离措施。     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液回灌效果的理论研究

基于前人提出的垃圾填埋场渗滤波渗流模型，通过试验初步提出了评价回灌效果的指标和回灌有效期的概念，并分别考察了回灌水质、渗流参数及填埋深度对渗滤液中污染物浓度、微生物浓度和垃圾土中有机质溶解及降解的影响。分析结果表明，回灌能促进渗滤液中COD浓度的降低并加快垃圾土中有机质的降解；提高垃圾土的溶解速度，有利于减少垃圾土的有机质含量，同时不影响COD浓度的稳定；在相同回灌水质下，填埋越深则回灌的效果越不明显。     

基于粒子群算法的钢结构截面优化设计

介绍了粒子群算法的基本思想、实现步骤并编制了相应的程序,将粒子群算法应用于钢结构截面优化设计问题中,可方便地对各种钢结构截面进行优化设计。最后通过一个算例验证了该方法的效率和有效性,结果表明该方法科学可行,具有很好的应用前景。     

Triple top line-based identification of sustainable water distribution system conservation targets and pipe replacement timing

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces a simulation-based sustainable life of pipe (SLP) determination for a water distribution system (WDS) using a triple top line (TTL) sustainability index (SI). SLP is the pipe replacement time maximizing SI. The approach is applied to the U-City system, a hypothetical urban WDS. Two case studies were conducted: (1) SLP to identify a conservation goal and (2) optimal SLP analysis using revised harmony search (ReHS) to discover replacement timing. The results show conservation targeting a 1% annual rate of demand growth maximizes the SI. And after optimizing the SLP, earlier pipe replacement and higher benefits result from the maximum SI approach compared to the least cost approach. In conclusion, the demonstrations show that using the TTL-based SI can guide demand management and pipe replacement strategies to maximize a comprehensive set of sustainability benefits.     

Failure cost design of structural systems

A systematic design approach based on applying weights to modes of failure is proposed. Representative individual failure modes are identified on the limit state surface using a nonlinear structural analysis program. Modal failure probabilities are computed in load space (in which randomness in structural resistance is included), and linearized around mean plastic moment capacities. Single- and multi-objective formulations with objectives of failure cost and initial cost, and with mean plastic moment capacities of structural members as decision variables are used. An iterative procedure with successively tighter bounds on the decision variables is employed. The procedure is applied to a simple frame for which optimum plastic moment capacities (single-objective case) and a trade-off curve between future (failure) cost and initial cost (multi-objective case) are found.     

基于准则法的建筑结构优化设计

充分考虑建筑结构的特点,基于我国现行建筑结构规范相关条款提出了适合梁、柱的高校优化设计准则,分别以柱轴压比和梁配筋率为指标构造迭代格式。并通过动态编程技术在大型有限元软件ANSYS上进行了程序实现,对一个30层的结构进行了优化设计,结果表明,该方法是有效的可行的。     

北京北护城河安定门闸深基坑支护方案的优化

从技术的可靠性、先进性以及施工的可行性、经济效益、环境影响和工期几方面对北京市北护城河安定门闸深基坑支护方案的设计优化进行了探讨，提出了采用土钉墙＋排桩＋桩锚联合支护的方案，达到了很好的效果。